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where <math>\alpha</math> is the gyro-angle. By averaging over this gyro-angle one arrives at the gyro-kinetic equation, which describes the evolution of the gyro centre in a phase space with one less dimension than the full Vlasov equation due to the averaging over the gyro-phase angle: | where <math>\alpha</math> is the gyro-angle. By averaging over this gyro-angle one arrives at the gyro-kinetic equation, which describes the evolution of the gyro centre in a phase space with one less dimension than the full Vlasov equation due to the averaging over the gyro-phase angle: | ||
:<math>f(\vec R, v_{||},v_\perp)</math> | :<math>f(\vec R, v_{||},v_\perp)</math> | ||
The gyro-kinetic equation is only valid for studying phenomena on timescales | The gyro-kinetic equation is only valid for studying phenomena on timescales longer than the inverse of the gyro-frequency, and spatial scales larger than the gyro-radius. This is appropriate for, e.g., ITG (ion temperature gradient) turbulence. | ||
== Research activities == | == Research activities == | ||
The Theory Group at the [[Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión]] collaborates with the [http://www.bsc.es/ Barcelona Supercomputing Center] and the [http://www.ipp.mpg.de/ippcms/eng/index.html Max Planck IPP at Greifswald] for the development and exploitation of the [[EUTERPE]] | The Theory Group at the [[Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión]] collaborates with the [http://www.bsc.es/ Barcelona Supercomputing Center] and the [http://www.ipp.mpg.de/ippcms/eng/index.html Max Planck IPP at Greifswald] for the development and exploitation of the [[EUTERPE]] global gyrokinetic code. | ||
The code [[EUTERPE]] has recently been benchmarked against the TORB code <ref>[http://pop.aip.org/phpaen/v9/i3/p898_s1 R. Hatzky, T.M. Tran, A. Konies, R. Kleiber, S.J. Allfrey, ''Energy conservation in a nonlinear gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code for ion-temperature-gradient-driven modes in theta-pinch geometry'', Phys. Plasmas, '''9'''-3, 912 (2002)]</ref><ref>[ftp://ftp.iaea.org/pub/Physics%20Section/Stellarator/presentations/c_nuehrenberg_tm5.pdf C. Nührenberg, R. Hatzky, S. Sorge, et al., ''Global ITG Turbulence in Screw-Pinch Geometry'', IAEA TM on Innovative Concepts and Theory of Stellarators, Madrid (2005)]</ref> in both linear and non-linear simulations <ref>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=5491114 Edilberto Sánchez , Ralf Kleiber, Roman Hatzky, Alejandro Soba, Xavier Sáez, Francisco Castejón and Jose M. Cela, ''Linear and non-linear simulations using the EUTERPE gyrokinetic code'', IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 38-1, 2119 (2010)]</ref> | The code [[EUTERPE]] has recently been benchmarked against the TORB code <ref>[http://pop.aip.org/phpaen/v9/i3/p898_s1 R. Hatzky, T.M. Tran, A. Konies, R. Kleiber, S.J. Allfrey, ''Energy conservation in a nonlinear gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code for ion-temperature-gradient-driven modes in theta-pinch geometry'', Phys. Plasmas, '''9'''-3, 912 (2002)]</ref><ref>[ftp://ftp.iaea.org/pub/Physics%20Section/Stellarator/presentations/c_nuehrenberg_tm5.pdf C. Nührenberg, R. Hatzky, S. Sorge, et al., ''Global ITG Turbulence in Screw-Pinch Geometry'', IAEA TM on Innovative Concepts and Theory of Stellarators, Madrid (2005)]</ref> in both linear and non-linear simulations.<ref>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=5491114 Edilberto Sánchez, Ralf Kleiber, Roman Hatzky, Alejandro Soba, Xavier Sáez, Francisco Castejón and Jose M. Cela, ''Linear and non-linear simulations using the EUTERPE gyrokinetic code'', IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 38-1, 2119 (2010)]</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> |