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LNF:Technology: Difference between revisions
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Beam characteristics; | Beam characteristics; | ||
Electron energy: 0.25 to 2.0 MeV. Beam current: 10 pA to 150 µA | Electron energy: 0.25 to 2.0 MeV. Beam current: 10 pA to 150 µA | ||
Sample size from ≈ 3 | Sample size from ≈ 3 mm<sup>2</sup> to about 20x20 cm<sup>2</sup>. | ||
Unfocused beam diameter at target is ≈ 1 cm | Unfocused beam diameter at target is ≈ 1 cm | ||
Beam can be focused to ≈ 1 mm diameter (for small samples) | Beam can be focused to ≈ 1 mm diameter (for small samples) | ||
Beam can be defocused to ≈ 3 cm diameter | Beam can be defocused to ≈ 3 cm diameter | ||
Beam can be scanned over 20x20 | Beam can be scanned over 20x20 cm<sup>2</sup> (for large samples) | ||
The facility has been used for studying insulators for which low displacement per atom (dpa) rates are required. The facility allows in-beam testing at a controlled temperature of the electrical, dielectric (RF), and optical properties of solid and gas insulators. Irradiation can be performed in high vacuum, air, or controlled atmospheres (such as N or He). | The facility has been used for studying insulators for which low displacement per atom (dpa) rates are required. The facility allows in-beam testing at a controlled temperature of the electrical, dielectric (RF), and optical properties of solid and gas insulators. Irradiation can be performed in high vacuum, air, or controlled atmospheres (such as N or He). | ||
For insulator studies typical dpa rates range from about 10-12 to 10-8 dpa/s while ionization rates (Bremsstrahlung or direct electron irradiation) | For insulator studies typical dpa rates range from about 10<sup>-12</sup> to 10<sup>-8</sup> dpa/s while ionization rates (Bremsstrahlung or direct electron irradiation) up to ≈ 10<sup>4</sup> Gy/s | ||
For steels, about 10-3 dpa/day can be achieved in samples of approximately 3x3x1 | For steels, about 10<sup>-3</sup> dpa/day can be achieved in samples of approximately 3x3x1 mm<sup>3</sup>. | ||
Flexibility | Flexibility | ||
The facility is extremely flexible and has several unique in-beam systems for measuring electrical conductivity, dielectric loss and permittivity (Hz to GHz), and optical absorption and emission during irradiation over a wide range of dose rates and temperatures. Irradiations can be performed in high vacuum, air, or controlled atmosphere such as N or He. Simulation in electron accelerators offers important advantages, namely easy experimental parameter control | The facility is extremely flexible and has several unique in-beam systems for measuring electrical conductivity, dielectric loss and permittivity (Hz to GHz), and optical absorption and emission during irradiation over a wide range of dose rates and temperatures. Irradiations can be performed in high vacuum, air, or controlled atmosphere such as N or He. Simulation in electron accelerators offers important advantages, namely easy experimental parameter control and high dose rates available up to ≈10<sup>5</sup> Gy/s. | ||
In-situ measurement capability and expertise. | In-situ measurement capability and expertise. | ||