TJ-II:Interferometry: Difference between revisions

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== The Microwave interferometer ==
== The Microwave interferometer ==


The diagnostic is located in [[TJ-II:Sectors|sector]] B8.
[[File:inter.png|250px|thumb|right|Diagram showing the geometry of the microwave interferometer at TJ-II]]
The diagnostic is located in [[TJ-II:Sectors|sector]] B8 (φ = 264.4°).
The probing beam has an inclination of 18.7° with respect to the vertical and a frequency of 140 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength of λ = 2.14 mm.
The probing beam has an inclination of 18.7° with respect to the vertical and a frequency of 140 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength of λ = 2.14 mm.
The line-integrated electron density is deduced from the cumulative phase change of the probing beam and the theoretical length of the intersection of the probing beam with the plasma (obtained from the [[TJ-II:Magnetic coordinates|magnetic geometry]] in vacuum).
The line-integrated electron density is deduced from the cumulative phase change of the probing beam and the theoretical length of the intersection of the probing beam with the plasma (obtained from the [[TJ-II:Magnetic coordinates|magnetic geometry]] in vacuum).
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=== Data description ===
=== Data description ===
The diagnostic delivers a time trace of the line-integrated electron density (65536 points, sampling rate 100 kHz).
The diagnostic delivers a time trace of the line-integrated electron density (65536 points, sampling rate 100 kHz).
In the [[TJ-II:Shot_database|TJ-II database]], the raw data are called 'INTERI', 'INTERQ', and the processed data 'Densidad2_'.
In the [[TJ-II:Shot_database|TJ-II database]], the raw data are called 'INTERI', 'INTERQ', and the processed data 'Densidad2_' (units: 10<sup>19</sup> m<sup>-3</sup>).
The signal is less reliable for high densities (above 2-3 10<sup>19</sup> m<sup>-3</sup>) due to the cumulative effect of spurious phase jumps.
The signal is less reliable for high densities (above 2-3 10<sup>19</sup> m<sup>-3</sup>) due to the cumulative effect of spurious phase jumps.
This time trace is fundamental for machine operation.
This time trace is fundamental for machine operation.
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The double wavelength heterodyne interferometer (CO<sub>2</sub>: 10.6 &mu;m, NdYAG: 1.064 &mu;m)  
The double wavelength heterodyne interferometer (CO<sub>2</sub>: 10.6 &mu;m, NdYAG: 1.064 &mu;m)  
provides values of the plasma line integral density in scenarios with average densities ranging from a few times 10<sup>18</sup> m<sup>–3</sup> to more than 5&times;10<sup>19</sup> m<sup>–3</sup>. The results have been compared with those from the 2 mm (microwave) interferometer, obtaining an excellent agreement. Working with a final bandwidth of 4 kHz, a one pass line integral error level about &plusmn;2&times;10<sup>17</sup> m<sup>–2</sup> has been achieved.
provides values of the plasma line integral density in scenarios with average densities ranging from a few times 10<sup>18</sup> m<sup>–3</sup> to more than 5&times;10<sup>19</sup> m<sup>–3</sup>. The results have been compared with those from the 2 mm (microwave) interferometer, obtaining an excellent agreement. Working with a final bandwidth of 4 kHz, a one pass line integral error level about &plusmn;2&times;10<sup>17</sup> m<sup>–2</sup> has been achieved.
<ref>[http://link.aip.org/link/?RSINAK/72/96/1 H. Lamela et al,  ''Laser interferometric experiments for the TJ-II stellarator electron-density measurements'', Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''72''' (2001) 96]</ref>
<ref>H. Lamela et al,  ''Laser interferometric experiments for the TJ-II stellarator electron-density measurements'', [[doi: 10.1063/1.1333040|Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''72''' (2001) 96]]</ref>
<ref>[http://link.aip.org/link/?RSINAK/75/3414/1 M. Sánchez at al, ''High resolution CO<sub>2</sub> interferometry on the TJ-II stellarator by using an ADC-based phase meter'', Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''75''' (2004) 3414]</ref>
<ref>M. Sánchez at al, ''High resolution CO<sub>2</sub> interferometry on the TJ-II stellarator by using an ADC-based phase meter'', [[doi:10.1063/1.1786638|Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''75''' (2004) 3414]]</ref>
<ref>[http://link.aip.org/link/?RSINAK/75/4671/1 P. Acedo et al, ''CO<sub>2</sub> (&lambda;<sub>m</sub> = 10.6 &mu;m) He–Ne (&lambda;<sub>c</sub> = 633 nm) two-color laser interferometry for low and medium electron density measurements in the TJ-II Stellarator'', Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''75''', 11 (2004) 4671]</ref>
<ref>P. Acedo et al, ''CO<sub>2</sub> (&lambda;<sub>m</sub> = 10.6 &mu;m) He–Ne (&lambda;<sub>c</sub> = 633 nm) two-color laser interferometry for low and medium electron density measurements in the TJ-II Stellarator'', [[doi:10.1063/1.1809283|Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''75''', 11 (2004) 4671]]</ref>
<ref>[http://link.aip.org/link/?APCPCS/993/187/1 M. Sánchez et al, ''Admissible Crosstalk Limits in a Two Colour Interferometers for Plasma Density Diagnostics. A Reduction Algorithm'', PLASMA 2007, AIP Conf. Proc. '''993''' (2008) 187-190]</ref>
<ref>M. Sánchez et al, ''Admissible Crosstalk Limits in a Two Colour Interferometers for Plasma Density Diagnostics. A Reduction Algorithm'', PLASMA 2007, [[doi:10.1063/1.2909105|AIP Conf. Proc. '''993''' (2008) 187-190]]</ref>
<ref>[http://link.aip.org/link/?RSINAK/79/10E713/1 P. Acedo et al, ''Calibration of a high spatial resolution laser two-color heterodyne interferometer for density profile measurements in the TJ-II stellarator'', Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''79''' (2008) 10E713]</ref>
<ref>P. Acedo et al, ''Calibration of a high spatial resolution laser two-color heterodyne interferometer for density profile measurements in the TJ-II stellarator'', [[doi:10.1063/1.2973326|Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''79''' (2008) 10E713]]</ref>
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.03.036 L. Esteban, M. Sánchez, J.A. López, O. Nieto-Taladriz and J. Sánchez, ''Continuous plasma density measurement in TJ-II infrared interferometer—Advanced signal processing based on FPGAs'', Fus. Eng. Design (2010) in press]</ref>
<ref>L. Esteban, M. Sánchez, J.A. López, O. Nieto-Taladriz and J. Sánchez, ''Continuous plasma density measurement in TJ-II infrared interferometer—Advanced signal processing based on FPGAs'', [[doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.03.036|Fus. Eng. Design '''85''', 3-4 (2010) 328]]</ref>
<ref>P. Pedreira, L. Esteban, A.R. Criado, P. Acedo, M. Sánchez, and J. Sánchez, ''Two color multichannel heterodyne interferometer set up for high spatial resolution electron density profile measurements in TJ-II'', [[doi:10.1063/1.3475729|Rev. Sci. Instrum. '''81''' (2010) 10D517]]</ref>
The system is located in [[TJ-II:Sectors|sector]] B1.
The system is located in [[TJ-II:Sectors|sector]] B1.


==References==
==References==
<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 13:12, 3 April 2018

TJ-II has two interferometry systems for the measurement of the line-integrated density.

The Microwave interferometer

Diagram showing the geometry of the microwave interferometer at TJ-II

The diagnostic is located in sector B8 (φ = 264.4°). The probing beam has an inclination of 18.7° with respect to the vertical and a frequency of 140 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength of λ = 2.14 mm. The line-integrated electron density is deduced from the cumulative phase change of the probing beam and the theoretical length of the intersection of the probing beam with the plasma (obtained from the magnetic geometry in vacuum).

Data description

The diagnostic delivers a time trace of the line-integrated electron density (65536 points, sampling rate 100 kHz). In the TJ-II database, the raw data are called 'INTERI', 'INTERQ', and the processed data 'Densidad2_' (units: 1019 m-3). The signal is less reliable for high densities (above 2-3 1019 m-3) due to the cumulative effect of spurious phase jumps. This time trace is fundamental for machine operation.

Two-colour interferometer

The double wavelength heterodyne interferometer (CO2: 10.6 μm, NdYAG: 1.064 μm) provides values of the plasma line integral density in scenarios with average densities ranging from a few times 1018 m–3 to more than 5×1019 m–3. The results have been compared with those from the 2 mm (microwave) interferometer, obtaining an excellent agreement. Working with a final bandwidth of 4 kHz, a one pass line integral error level about ±2×1017 m–2 has been achieved. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] The system is located in sector B1.

References

  1. ↑ H. Lamela et al, Laser interferometric experiments for the TJ-II stellarator electron-density measurements, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 (2001) 96
  2. ↑ M. Sánchez at al, High resolution CO2 interferometry on the TJ-II stellarator by using an ADC-based phase meter, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75 (2004) 3414
  3. ↑ P. Acedo et al, CO2 (λm = 10.6 μm) He–Ne (λc = 633 nm) two-color laser interferometry for low and medium electron density measurements in the TJ-II Stellarator, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75, 11 (2004) 4671
  4. ↑ M. Sánchez et al, Admissible Crosstalk Limits in a Two Colour Interferometers for Plasma Density Diagnostics. A Reduction Algorithm, PLASMA 2007, AIP Conf. Proc. 993 (2008) 187-190
  5. ↑ P. Acedo et al, Calibration of a high spatial resolution laser two-color heterodyne interferometer for density profile measurements in the TJ-II stellarator, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 (2008) 10E713
  6. ↑ L. Esteban, M. Sánchez, J.A. López, O. Nieto-Taladriz and J. Sánchez, Continuous plasma density measurement in TJ-II infrared interferometer—Advanced signal processing based on FPGAs, Fus. Eng. Design 85, 3-4 (2010) 328
  7. ↑ P. Pedreira, L. Esteban, A.R. Criado, P. Acedo, M. Sánchez, and J. Sánchez, Two color multichannel heterodyne interferometer set up for high spatial resolution electron density profile measurements in TJ-II, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81 (2010) 10D517
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