Alternative fusion devices

Economically viable energy production based on nuclear fusion in a magnetic confinement device has not been demonstrated yet. The mainstream tokamak, stellarator, spheromak and Reversed Field Pinch designs may achieve energy production by fusion in the future, but it remains to be seen whether these designs will lead to economically viable and attractive power plants, as fusion reactors based on these designs will almost certainly need to be very large.

Given this situation, there is considerable interest in developing alternative designs. Their common goal is to achieve fusion power generation at lower cost by exploiting the hypothetical improved plasma confinement properties of a different magnetic field configuration (or other design features), which would allow a reduced size of the power plant. Currently, none of the alternative designs have achieved these potential benefits.

Alternative designs and associated companies

• Type One Energy - a stellarator design with optimized turbulent transport
• Commonwealth Fusion Systems
• Levitated Dipole Experiment
• Tokamak energy Ltd. - Compact Spherical Tokamak
• Tri Alpha Energy Colliding beam reactor
• Polywell - EMC2 company
• General Fusion - Magnetized target reactor
• LPP Fusion - Dense Plasma Focus
• Compact Fusion - Lockheed Martin (Skunkworks)
• Applied Fusion Systems
• First Light Fusion - projectile-based inertial fusion
• Plasma Liner Experiment (PLX)
• Kyoto Fusioneering
• Zap Energy - based on Z-pinch
• Helical Fusion - Helical device (Heliotron)
• Gauss Fusion
• Novatron - Mirror device
• Openstar Technologies - Levitating magnet

See also

• FusDIS Fusion Device Information System (FusDIS): worldwide inventory of fusion devices, maintained by IAEA
• Fusor
• Single-Pointed Magnetic Confinement