View source for TJ-II:Observation of suprathermal ions with Neutral Particle Analyzers during electron cyclotron heating in the TJ-II stellarator

== Experimental campaign ==
2018 Spring

== Proposal title ==
'''Observation of suprathermal ions with Neutral Particle Analyzers during electron cyclotron heating in the TJ-II stellarator'''

== Name and affiliation of proponent ==
J.M. Fontdecaba Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión Ciemat, 28040 Madrid, Spain

== Details of contact person at LNF (if applicable) ==
N/A

== Description of the activity, including motivation/objectives and experience of the proponent (typically one-two pages)==
The plasmas in the TJ-II stellarator are created and maintained using two gyrotrons tuned to the second harmonic of the electron gyrofrequency. Additional heating can be applied using neutral beam injection or the plasma can be maintained with microwave power to produce a pure ECRH discharge. In the case of pure ECRH plasmas the majority ions are not directly heated by external sources rather by collisions with the hot electrons, hence their population distribution function is considered Maxwellian. The bulk ion temperature is clearly detached from the electron temperature, the usual value for the ion temperature is around 80 eV whereas the electron temperature is about 1 keV. Under such conditions the count rates in the high energy channels (> 1 keV) of the TJ-II neutral particle analyzers (NPA) are at the background level, indicating the abscence of ions in the high energy tail. However, suprathermal ions have been found in TJ-II ECRH plasmas using spectroscopic methods. Thus it is necessary to confirm their presence with the NPA diagnostics.
In a recent experiment, we modulated the full power of one of the two gyrotrons to produce two clearly separate phases of the ECRH plasmas, one with full power, the other with half power. Also the radial position, where the microwaves heat the plasma, was varied during the experiment. During the experiments the NPA was tuned to scan high energy ions. As a result, in some configurations, signal levels above the normal backgroud levels were detected in the high energy channels when full power was applied. This can be an indication of the presence of suprathermal ions in the plasma.
One possible explanation for the generation of suprathermal ions is a parametric decay insta- bility of the heating wave in a local maximum of the density <ref>A.E.Z. Gusakov and A.Yu.Popov, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 60, 025001 (2018)</ref>. We have designed an experi- ment to inject pellets in the ECRH plasma to modify the density profile while scanning the high energy ion tail with the NPA diagnostics in different positions to investigate the influence of the density profile on the suprathermal ion population.

== If applicable, International or National funding project or entity ==
Enter funding here or N/A

== Description of required resources ==
Required resources:
* Number of plasma discharges or days of operation: 
* Essential diagnostic systems:NPA
* Type of plasmas (heating configuration):ECRH & NBI
* Specific requirements on wall conditioning if any:
* External users: need a local computer account for data access: yes/no
* Any external equipment to be integrated? Provide description and integration needs:

== Preferred dates and degree of flexibility ==
Preferred dates: (format dd-mm-yyyy)

== References ==
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