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	<id>http://wiki.fusenet.eu/fusionwiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Impurities</id>
	<title>Impurities - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://wiki.fusenet.eu/fusionwiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Impurities"/>
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	<updated>2026-04-12T13:56:07Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.fusenet.eu/fusionwiki/index.php?title=Impurities&amp;diff=4750&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Admin at 08:53, 22 October 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.fusenet.eu/fusionwiki/index.php?title=Impurities&amp;diff=4750&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2014-10-22T08:53:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 10:53, 22 October 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The working gas used to create a magnetically confined plasma for [[Nuclear fusion|fusion]] purposes typically consists of light atomic species, such as Hydrogen (H) &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of &lt;/del&gt;Helium (He). Any contaminating, higher [[:Wikipedia:atomic number|atomic number]] (Z) species entering the plasma are considered &#039;impurities&#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The working gas used to create a magnetically confined plasma for [[Nuclear fusion|fusion]] purposes typically consists of light atomic species, such as Hydrogen (H) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;or &lt;/ins&gt;Helium (He). Any contaminating, higher [[:Wikipedia:atomic number|atomic number]] (Z) species entering the plasma are considered &#039;impurities&#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Impurities tend to have a deleterious effect on heat confinement, as the high-Z atoms have a large number of bound electrons prior to entering the plasma, and upon entering the plasma the ionization process removes energy from the plasma, while the subsequent recombination process radiates away energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the overall effect of impurities is to cool the plasma, reducing the fusion yield. Furthermore, the high-Z species, which do not participate in the fusion reactions, rarify the density of the fusion fuel.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Impurities tend to have a deleterious effect on heat confinement, as the high-Z atoms have a large number of bound electrons prior to entering the plasma, and upon entering the plasma the ionization process removes energy from the plasma, while the subsequent recombination process radiates away energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the overall effect of impurities is to cool the plasma, reducing the fusion yield. Furthermore, the high-Z species, which do not participate in the fusion reactions, rarify the density of the fusion fuel.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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		<author><name>Admin</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.fusenet.eu/fusionwiki/index.php?title=Impurities&amp;diff=4744&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Admin: Created page with &quot;The working gas used to create a magnetically confined plasma for fusion purposes typically consists of light atomic species, such as Hydrogen (H) of Helium...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.fusenet.eu/fusionwiki/index.php?title=Impurities&amp;diff=4744&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2014-10-21T15:50:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;The working gas used to create a magnetically confined plasma for &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Nuclear_fusion&quot; title=&quot;Nuclear fusion&quot;&gt;fusion&lt;/a&gt; purposes typically consists of light atomic species, such as Hydrogen (H) of Helium...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;The working gas used to create a magnetically confined plasma for [[Nuclear fusion|fusion]] purposes typically consists of light atomic species, such as Hydrogen (H) of Helium (He). Any contaminating, higher [[:Wikipedia:atomic number|atomic number]] (Z) species entering the plasma are considered &amp;#039;impurities&amp;#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Impurities tend to have a deleterious effect on heat confinement, as the high-Z atoms have a large number of bound electrons prior to entering the plasma, and upon entering the plasma the ionization process removes energy from the plasma, while the subsequent recombination process radiates away energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the overall effect of impurities is to cool the plasma, reducing the fusion yield. Furthermore, the high-Z species, which do not participate in the fusion reactions, rarify the density of the fusion fuel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Divertor]]s are intended, among others, to reduce impurity influx from the wall&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Admin</name></author>
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